According to the World Health Organization, efforts are underway in more than 170 locations worldwide to prepare the corona virus vaccine.

Of these 170 places, 138 attempts are currently in the pre-clinical phase. But many are undergoing clinical trials. Trial of 25 vaccines is going on in Phase I with very small scope. While a trial of 15 vaccines is going on a slightly larger scope.

But the eyes of the world are focused on those efforts where Phase 3 trial is going on. It is currently operating at seven locations.

Amidst all this, the news of the Corona vaccine being available within 73 days came to the headlines in the Indian media on Saturday.

According to the claim of Indian media reports, this claim was made by the Serum Institute, which provides the vaccine being prepared at Oxford University in India, although on Sunday, the Serum Institute issued an explanation for this, saying 73 days was misleading.

Serum Institute has reported that Phase III of this vaccine is undergoing trials and has been approved for production keeping in mind only its future. The Serum Institute, one of the world's top companies for making vaccines, also said that when the vaccine trial is complete, the vaccine will be informed of its availability when it is approved by the standards.

Earlier on August 15, in his address to the Red Fort, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said that there has been talk of three corona vaccine trials in the country. Apart from the Serum Institute, two vaccines are in operation in India.

The vaccine name of Bharat Biotech International Limited is Covacine. The second vaccine project is by Zydus Cadila Healthcare Limited. Kovaxin's development projects include the government agency Indian Council of Medical Research and the National Institute of Virology.

12 institutions in India have been selected for its human trials, including the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Nizam Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad.

Dr. Balram Bhargava, Director General of ICMR, had recently asked the Principal Investigators of these 12 institutions to speed up the pace of covarian human clinical trials. He had said that this is one of the top priority projects, which is being monitored from the top level of the government.

But health experts are questioning whether the time required to prepare the vaccine and the procedures that have to go through, have been followed?

By the way, it is being speculated that even if the vaccine is found quickly, it will be available by the end of this year. India's Union Health Minister Harsh Vardhan has also hoped to get the corona vaccine by the end of the year.

However, on August 11, 2020, Russia's President Vladimir Putin announced the biggest success of the Corona vaccine. Russian President Vladimir Putin has claimed that his scientists have developed a vaccine against the corona virus that works against the corona virus.

Putin said that this vaccine was tested on humans for two months and has met all safety standards. This vaccine has also been approved by the Health Ministry of Russia. But this vaccine has not yet been approved by the World Health Organization standards.

Regarding the vaccine developed at the Gamelaya Institute, he said that his daughter has also received the vaccine. This vaccine has been developed by the Russian Ministry of Defense along with the Gamelaya Institute. It is believed that this vaccine will be introduced to people on a large scale in Russia. According to Russian media, it will be available to other countries before the month of January in 2021.

According to the news agency Reuters, the latest production of this vaccine Sputnik Five will start in Russia in September. The same report claimed that Russia has received requests for more than one billion doses of this vaccine from 20 countries around the world. Russia is preparing to make 500 million doses every year.

However, given the rapid pace that Russia has claimed to develop the corona vaccine, concerns are being raised about it in the scientific world. Scientists from many countries of the world, including the World Health Organization, are now openly saying this. The World Health Organization has said that it does not yet have information about the Corona vaccine being developed through Russia to evaluate it.

Last week, the World Health Organization urged Russia to follow an international guide line to make vaccines against Corona.

Seven vaccines under Phase III of the World Health Organization are undergoing trials, but the Russian vaccine is not mentioned. Other countries of the world are also somewhat apprehensive about Russia's vaccine.

In fact, the first phase trial of the corona vaccine which Russia is claiming to have started in June this year.

Safety data during the trial of this vaccine developed in Russia have not yet been released. Due to this, scientists of other countries have not been able to study how accurate Russia's claim is.

Russia has dismissed international concerns over Corona's vaccine, calling it absolutely baseless. Experts cast doubt on Russia's claim of making the vaccine so fast. Scientists in Germany, France, Spain and America asked to be cautious about this.

After this, Russia's Health Minister Mikhail Murashko told Russian news agency Interfax, "It seems as if our foreign comrades have realized the benefits of being ahead in the Russian medicine competition and they are talking things that are absolutely They are helpless.''

Dr. Anthony Fauchi, the country's largest virus scientist in the US, has also raised doubts over the Russian claim. Dr. Fauchi told National Geographic, "I hope that the Russian people have definitely tested that this vaccine is safe and effective." I doubt they have done this.''

Apart from this vaccine of Russia, about 23 projects of vaccine development are currently underway against the corona epidemic. But only a few of them have reached the third and final phase of the trial and are still waiting for any vaccine to be fully successful. These include vaccine development projects of Oxford University, Moderna Pharmaceuticals, Chinese pharmaceutical company Synovac Biotech.

Oxford University's vaccine project ChAdOx1 also includes Sweden's pharma company AstraZeneca. The trial of Oxford University's Covid vaccine is going on in different countries of the world.

In the month of May, World Health Organization Chief Scientist Soumya Viswanathan called Oxford's project the most advanced covid vaccine. The trial of the first and second phases of this vaccine project was completed simultaneously in England in April.

Trials conducted on more than a thousand volunteers between 18 and 55 years of age had reviewed the safety of the vaccine and the immunity of the people. The Oxford University vaccine project is now in the third and final phase of trial and development.

Around 50,000 volunteers are expected to be involved in this phase of the trial of the Oxford Covid vaccine. Countries like South Africa, USA, UK and Brazil are participating in the final phase of the trial.

The Serum Institute of India is also preparing to test the Oxford Covid vaccine on humans in India.

If the final phase results are also positive, the research team at Oxford University will apply by the end of the year for registration with the UK regulatory body Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) by the end of the year.

The Covid-19 vaccine being tested in the US since July 15 has benefited the immunity of people as scientists had expected. However, this vaccine is yet to become an important trial.

The Covid vaccine project that China's private pharma company Sinovac Biotech is working on has reached the third and final stage of the trial. Before a government approval, a vaccine has to pass a test on humans.

This is the third vaccine development project in the world after Moderna and Oxford to reach the final stage of the trial. The vaccine named CoronaVac is currently undergoing trials in Brazil at nine thousand volunteers.

Trials regarding the Corona vaccine have also reached the third round in three other places in China. A trial is going on jointly with the Sinofarm company at the Wuhan Institute of Biological Products.

An effort from the Sinofarm Company is also taking place at the Beijing Institute of Biological Products. Another institute in Beijing, the Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, is also pursuing efforts to make the Corona vaccine in Canada Biological Inc. The two-stage trial has been completed here and the third phase trial is about to begin.

How much progress has been made so far in making the vaccine?

In the seven places where the third phase of the trial is going on, there is also an effort being made by private companies. American pharma company 'Fishers' and German company 'Bioentech' are working on a Covid vaccine project BNT162b2. The two companies have issued a joint statement that the vaccine project has reached the final stage of testing on humans. If these tests are successful, by the end of October, they will be able to apply for government approval. The company plans to ensure 100 million vaccine supplies by the end of 2020 and 1.3 billion doses by the end of 2021.

In addition, top pharmaceutical companies Sunfei and GSK have also collaborated to develop the vaccine. Two possible vaccines have also begun to be used in Australia in Australia. It is believed that its trial on humans will start by next year.

Japanese medical startup Anges has said that it has begun testing humans for a potential vaccine for the corona virus. This is the first such test in Japan. The company has said that trials will continue at Osaka City University Hospital until July 31 next year.

But no one knows that any of these efforts will work. The head of the World Health Organization has also expressed disappointment about making the vaccine several times.

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